Metabolism and requirements for calcium and phosphorus in the fast-growing chicken as affected by age

Br J Nutr. 2003 Jan;89(1):51-61. doi: 10.1079/BJN2002757.

Abstract

Three series of experiments were conducted with fast-growing chickens in order: to evaluate the effects of dietary Ca and P on cholecalciferol metabolism and expression; to determine dietary Ca requirements; to determine dietary P requirements. The results of the first series confirmed previous results on the effects of dietary Ca and P on some variables of vitamin D metabolism and expression, Ca homeostasis and P metabolism in the young chicken (1- to 21-d-old), and extended them to older birds (22- to 43-d-old). The bone formation rate and the duodenal calbindin content were maintained at high levels until the age of 43 d. Dietary Ca or P restriction increased duodenal calbindin and decreased bone ash in both 22- and 43-d-old chickens, but the effect on bone ash was less pronounced in the 43-d-old birds than in the younger ones. These results suggest that: (a) the capabilities for adaptation to dietary Ca and P restriction remain high during the whole growing period; (b) the growing broilers express a high adaptive capability even when the diet contains the recommended Ca and P contents. The results of the second and third series of experiments suggest that: (c) unlike the Ca requirements of the 1- to 22-d-old chick, P requirements for growth and bone ash are similar, and are as high in the older chicks as in the younger ones (7.4-8.3 g P/kg or 4.8-5.7 g non-phytate P/kg diet); (d) although growth and bone ash in the 29- to 43-d-old chickens appear to be less sensitive to dietary Ca content, within a range close to the calculated P requirement, 10 g Ca/kg diet appears to be required for best tibia mineralization, and to a lesser extent for better growth at this age.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aging / physiology*
  • Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*
  • Animals
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism
  • Calbindins
  • Calcium / blood
  • Calcium, Dietary / administration & dosage*
  • Calcium, Dietary / metabolism
  • Chickens / growth & development
  • Chickens / metabolism*
  • Cholecalciferol / metabolism
  • Diet
  • Duodenum / metabolism
  • Female
  • Male
  • Phosphorus / blood
  • Phosphorus, Dietary / administration & dosage*
  • Phosphorus, Dietary / metabolism
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / metabolism
  • Weight Gain / drug effects

Substances

  • Calbindins
  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Phosphorus, Dietary
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein G
  • Cholecalciferol
  • Phosphorus
  • Calcium