The serotonin 5-HT4 receptor and the amyloid precursor protein processing

Exp Gerontol. 2003 Jan-Feb;38(1-2):159-66. doi: 10.1016/s0531-5565(02)00157-2.

Abstract

A large body of evidence supports a major role for the serotonin 5-HT(4) receptor in learning and memory and it is suggested that 5-HT(4) agonists may be beneficial for memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The 5-HT(4) receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily and are positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase. In this communication we show that a neuronal isoform of the human 5-HT(4) receptor, h5-HT(4(g)) regulates the metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein (APP695). This process is observed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably coexpressing the neuronal h5-HT(4(g)) receptor isoform as well as the human APP695. The 5-HT(4) agonists strongly stimulate the release of the non-amyloidogenic soluble amyloid precursor protein sAPPalpha as detected by immunoblot. Prucalopride was more potent than serotonin (5-HT) with regard to enhanced of sAPPalpha secretion. This process was blocked by a selective 5-HT(4) antagonist, GR113808. Furthermore, 5-HT(4) ligands enhance sAPPalpha secretion via cAMP-dependent and PKA-independent signalling pathways indicating there are alternative pathways by which the h5-HT(4) receptor via cAMP regulates APP metabolism. Because the alpha-cleavage event may preclude the formation of amyloidogenic peptides, and secreted sAPPalpha has putative neuroprotective and enhancing-memory properties, our present data suggest the 5-HT(4) receptor as a novel target for the treatment of AD.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism*
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • CHO Cells
  • Cognition / physiology
  • Cricetinae
  • Humans
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Receptors, Serotonin / genetics
  • Receptors, Serotonin / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4
  • Serotonin Receptor Agonists / therapeutic use
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
  • Receptors, Serotonin
  • Serotonin Receptor Agonists
  • Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4