Publication of the WHO monograph, "Interactions of Nutrition and Infection," in 1968 by Scrimshaw, Taylor and Gordon stimulated many scientists to pursue further research on these issues. With regard to the relationships between diarrhea and malnutrition, the research conducted since 1968 can be categorized in one of three major areas: 1) the impact of diarrhea on nutritional status, particularly in young children; 2) nutritional risk factors for diarrhea; and 3) appropriate dietary therapy for patients during and after enteric infections. The results of these studies have prompted a number of changes in the clinical treatment of patients with diarrhea and in public health policies regarding its prevention.