Endurance time, muscle activation, and mean arterial pressure were measured during two types of submaximal fatiguing contractions that required each subject to exert the same net muscle torque in the two tasks. Sixteen men and women performed isometric contractions at 15% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force with the elbow flexor muscles, either by maintaining a constant force while pushing against a force transducer (force task) or by supporting an equivalent inertial load while maintaining a constant elbow angle (position task). The endurance time for the force task (1402 +/- 728 s) was twice as long as that for the position task (702 +/- 582 s, P < 0.05), despite a similar reduction in the load torque at exhaustion for each contraction. The rate of increase in average electromyographic activity (EMG, % peak MVC value) for the elbow flexor muscles was similar for the two tasks. However, the average EMG was greater at exhaustion for the force task (22.4 +/- 1.2%) compared with the position task (14.9 +/- 1.0%, P < 0.05). In contrast, the rates of increase in the mean arterial pressure, the rating of perceived exertion, anterior deltoid EMG, and fluctuations in motor output (force or acceleration) were greater for the position task compared with the force task (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the rate of bursts in EMG activity, which corresponded to the transient recruitment of motor units, was greater for the brachialis muscle during the position task. These results indicate that the briefer endurance time for the position task was associated with greater levels of excitatory and inhibitory input to the motor neurons compared with the force task.