Development of an operational synaptobrevin-based fluorescent substrate for tetanus neurotoxin quantification

Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2002 Dec;36(3):155-61. doi: 10.1042/ba20020011.

Abstract

Tetanus neurotoxin (TTx), produced by Clostridium tetani, is a two-chain polypeptide with a heavy molecular chain (HC; 100 kDa) and a light molecular chain (LC; 50 kDa) linked by a disulphide bridge. The low-molecular-mass chain is classified as a zinc metalloprotease (EC 3.4.24.68) with specific hydrolysis on synaptobrevin. With the known enzymic activity for the LC of TTx, we developed a quantification method using a quenched fluorescence peptide substrate based on the synaptobrevin sequence (fragments 73-82), suitable for direct determination of the whole TTx (HC+LC) even in crude production batches, without the necessity of purification and reduction steps to isolate the LC of TTx. The rate of substrate hydrolysis was 200 nmol/min and it was totally inhibited by EDTA, anti-recombinant fragment C antibody, and the cleavage was in a single bond (Gln-Phe) with purified and crude TTx. Besides, ELISA applied to the anti-TTx serum produced at our Institute showed cross-reaction with every fraction of the crude TTx extract. Another aspect is that TTx activity depends on the storage time, reaching a maximum on day 10. The results obtained suggest that the use of the new fluorescent substrate, Abz-synaptobrevin(73-82)-EDDnp, enables easy and quick determination of TTx. It is a good alternative to some of the existing methods such as flocculation assay, and it can replace, under some conditions, the biological assays (minimal mortal dose).

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry
  • Hydrolysis
  • Membrane Proteins / chemistry*
  • Metalloendopeptidases / analysis*
  • Metalloendopeptidases / chemistry*
  • Metalloendopeptidases / classification
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry
  • R-SNARE Proteins
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / methods*
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Tetanus Toxin / analysis*
  • Tetanus Toxin / chemistry*
  • Tetanus Toxin / classification

Substances

  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Peptide Fragments
  • R-SNARE Proteins
  • Tetanus Toxin
  • tetanospasmin
  • Metalloendopeptidases