Strain relaxation of fibroblasts in the marginal periodontium is the common trigger for alveolar bone resorption: a novel hypothesis

J Periodontol. 2002 Oct;73(10):1210-5. doi: 10.1902/jop.2002.73.10.1210.

Abstract

In summary, the present commentary proposes a hypothesis that alveolar bone remodeling and bone loss in periodontitis, periodontal surgery, and in orthodontic tooth movement is triggered by a common "strain relaxation" signaling pathway of gingival and periodontal fibroblasts. The abrupt splitting, degradation, or relaxation of collagen fibers in the marginal periodontium produces a "strain relaxation" signal in the local fibroblasts which reside on these fibers, activating an ECM-integrin-cytoskeleton pathway. A cascade of cellular reactions which lead to osteoclastic bone resorption starting on the inner aspect (periodontal) of the alveolar bone then persists. A novel therapeutic approach is suggested here by using locally delivered drugs intervening in the cell contractile apparatus.

MeSH terms

  • Alveolar Bone Loss / etiology
  • Alveolar Bone Loss / physiopathology*
  • Alveolar Bone Loss / prevention & control
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Collagen / chemistry
  • Dental Stress Analysis
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Fibroblasts / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
  • Matrix Metalloproteinases / metabolism
  • Periodontitis / physiopathology*
  • Periodontium / cytology*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stress, Mechanical
  • T-Lymphocytes / physiology
  • Tensile Strength
  • Tetracycline / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
  • Collagen
  • Matrix Metalloproteinases
  • Tetracycline