An updated survey on skin conditions in Down syndrome

Abstract

Background: Only three not concordant surveys have been published on skin conditions associated with Down syndrome.

Objective: A sample ranging from infancy to adulthood, using acknowledged criteria for diagnosis, may highlight the skin involvement in Down syndrome.

Methods: We report the skin conditions observed in 203 people with Down syndrome, separated according to five different age ranges. We have set up two main groups of skin features: the phenotype and the dermatological diseases.

Results: The single palmar crease and xerosis are strongly represented within the phenotype. Among the dermatological diseases, folliculitis and syringomas have been observed mainly in adolescence and adulthood. Atopic dermatitis has been recognized in 10 subjects. Alopecia areata and milia-like idiopathic calcinosis cutis appeared in 6 subjects.

Conclusion: People with Down syndrome suffer from peculiar dermatoses (syringomas, milia-like calcinosis, elastosis perforans serpiginosa). Other conditions (folliculitis, alopecia areata) are frequently observed.