PIP: This article presents Iran's revolutionary approach to family planning. In 1967, the "Tehran Declaration" acknowledged family planning as a human right promoting the social and economic welfare of families and society; however, this program was dismantled after the Revolution. After the war with Iraq in 1988, the government realized that rapid population growth was a hindrance to development and subsequently called for the establishment of a national family planning program. In December 1989, the revived family planning program was inaugurated with three major goals: 1) encourage spacing of 3-4 years between pregnancies; 2) discourage pregnancies among women aged under 18 and over 35 years; and 3) limit family size to 3 children. In May 1993, a law was passed that included disincentive penalties for couples who had more than 3 children. According to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (1989-97), there was an increased use of contraceptives among married women, and the total fertility rate (TFR) dropped from 5.2 to 2.6 children. Moreover, Iran's 1996 census showed a total population of 60.6 million with an average annual growth rate of 1.5% over the previous 5-year period. Iran's success in bringing about a decline in its TFR has been helped by the integration of family planning and primary health care and the involvement of various segments of society.