The aim of the program to eradicate poliomyelitis is expected to be achieved in the space of very few years and therefore, as they approach this goal, countries find themselves faced with various problems to be tackled. Among these is the decision about how and when to stop polio vaccination, which also depends on seroepidemiological evaluations, necessary because of the possible persistence of circulating strains of poliovirus of vaccine origin which might continue even after the suspension of vaccination. For this reason, the results of seroepidemiological surveys carried out in some European countries in different periods of time and on various samples of the population are discussed. Although the status of immune coverage is satisfactory, a few situations of susceptibility were found; these should be better monitored and, if necessary, corrected to guarantee a homogeneous and lasting resistance of the European population towards polioviruses.