Recent evidence has demonstrated that disability from musculoskeletal disorders is a multifactorial problem that is not only due to workers' characteristics but also closely related to environmental factors, such as the workplace, the health care system, the compensation system, and the interactions among all stakeholders regarding the disability problem. The Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) was developed following a systematic method in order to help clinicians detect possible disability prognostic factors in subacute or chronic musculoskeletal pain patients. A structured literature review, followed by expert input and a second round of revisions after 4-year's usage led to the current version. The WoDDI is composed of open-ended questions on physical, psychosocial, occupational, and administrative factors, collated into an interview form used at the first encounter with the disabled worker. It enables clinicians to develop a rehabilitation plan and focus on disability resolution in patients absent from work due to a musculoskeletal disorder. Initial application demonstrated a high prevalence of sociodemographic, work-related, and psychosocial factors that may contribute to prolonged work absence.