The author presents a review of cardiovascular complications of anti-tumourous treatment. Cardiovascular toxicity is an interdisciplinary problem which can lead to serious complications of oncological treatment and considerably reduce its benefit for the patient. Cytostatics can produce a number of undesirable side-effects such as arrhythmias, angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, sudden death, cardiac failure. The most serious cardiotoxicity is probably chronic cardiac failure after anthracycline treatment. Interest in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of cardiotoxicity was aroused by new findings of cardiac complications after some cytostatics, high dosage chemotherapy and transplantation of haematopoietic cells.