The self-association of the synthetic antibiotic actinocyl-bis(3-dimethylaminopropylamine) was studied in aqueous solution by one- and two-dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy at 500 MHz. The two-dimensional homonuclear correlation NMR techniques (TOCSY and ROESY) were used to completely assign all the proton signals of the antibiotic and to quantitatively analyze the mutual arrangement of the antibiotic molecules in their aggregates. The concentration and temperature dependences of proton chemical shifts were used to determine the equilibrium constants and the thermodynamic parameters (delta H and delta S) of the self-association, as well as the limiting values of proton chemical shifts in associates. The experimental results were analyzed using both the indefinite noncooperative and cooperative models of the molecular self-association. The calculated value of the cooperativity coefficient (sigma approximately 1.1) for our synthetic antibiotic confirmed a substantially lower anticooperative effect at the aggregation of its molecules in comparison with that of the antitumor antibiotic actinomycin D (sigma approximately 1.5). We calculated the most favorable structure of the dimeric associate of the synthetic antibiotic in aqueous solution and found that, like in the actinomycin D dimer, the antiparallel orientation of the phenoxazone chromophore planes of interacting molecules is characteristic of its dimer. The English version of the paper: Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2002, vol. 28, no. 4; see also http://www.maik.ru.