Simultaneous (99m)Tc/(201)Tl dual-isotope SPET with Monte Carlo-based down-scatter correction

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2002 Aug;29(8):1063-71. doi: 10.1007/s00259-002-0834-1. Epub 2002 May 25.

Abstract

In simultaneous technetium-99m/thallium-201 dual-isotope (DI) single-photon emission tomography (SPET), down-scatter of (99m)Tc photons contaminates the (201)Tl image, which leads to a decrease in lesion contrast and loss of quantitative accuracy. Correction for down-scatter can be achieved by first reconstructing the (99m)Tc activity distribution. Subsequently, the (99m)Tc down-scatter in the (201)Tl photopeak window is simulated and used for correction during iterative reconstruction of the (201)Tl image. In this work, the down-scatter projections are calculated using a dedicated Monte Carlo simulator which is able to efficiently model the detection of lead X-rays from the collimator. An anthropomorphic torso phantom with a cardiac insert with and without cold lesions was used for evaluation of the proposed method. Excellent agreement in lesion contrast and quantitative accuracy was found between the down-scatter corrected DI-SPET (201)Tl image and the virgin (i.e. separately acquired) (201)Tl image, in particular when the effects of lead X-rays were included. Compensation for the noise added by down-scatter to the (201)Tl image can be achieved by using a 15% lower dose of (99m)Tc, a 15% increase in scan time and a 12% increase in (201)Tl dose. In conclusion, the Monte Carlo-based down-scatter correction recovers lesion contrast and quantitative accuracy in DI-SPET (201)Tl images almost perfectly. In addition, degradations due to the added noise of down-scatter in simultaneous DI-SPET can be prevented by slight adaptations to the data acquisition protocol.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Models, Statistical
  • Monte Carlo Method*
  • Phantoms, Imaging
  • Quality Control
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Scattering, Radiation
  • Stochastic Processes
  • Technetium*
  • Thallium*
  • Thorax / diagnostic imaging
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / instrumentation
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / methods*

Substances

  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • thallium chloride
  • Technetium
  • Thallium