Abstract
Transport of cystine across the cell membrane is essential for synthesis of the major cellular antioxidant glutathione. Cystine uptake in the brain occurs by both the Na(+)-independent x(c)(-) cystine-glutamate exchanger and the X(AG)(-) family of high-affinity, Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters. New evidence concerning the role of cystine transport in the defence against oxidative stress is described.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Transport System X-AG / metabolism*
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Amino Acid Transport System X-AG / physiology
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Amino Acid Transport System y+*
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Animals
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Brain Chemistry / physiology*
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Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
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Carrier Proteins / physiology
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Cystine / metabolism*
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Humans
Substances
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Amino Acid Transport System X-AG
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Amino Acid Transport System y+
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Carrier Proteins
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SLC7A11 protein, human
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Cystine