From 1990 to 1998, 30 patients underwent surgery for correction of pectus excavatum. There were 19 (63%) males and 11 (37%) females, aged 4 to 32 years (mean, 12.57 years). Bilateral excision of 4 to 6 costal cartilages and sternal wedge osteotomy were performed on 27 (90%) patients, and Kirschner wires were used for substernal support in 25 (83%). A median sternotomy was carried out in males and a submammary transverse incision was preferred in females. All patients were followed up at yearly intervals. Early results were excellent in all except 2 cases: a 14-year-old boy developed contralateral sternal depression after costochondral excision without sternal elevation for correction of one-sided costochondral hyperplasia; and an 8-year-old girl in whom no Kirschner wires had been inserted developed recurrent minimal sternal depression. Long-term follow-up showed recurrent sternal depression 6 years postoperatively in a boy who had undergone surgery at 4 years old, with early removal of the Kirschner wires. It is recommended that correction of pectus excavatum should be carried out in prepubertal children, and Kirschner wires should be used for substernal support.