In this chapter we will familiarize the reader with selected aspects of the herbal medicine of Wisconsin Indians. We will concentrate on the Menominee, Potawatomi, Ojibwe and Meskwaki tribes. We will address the following topics: (1) selected methods for research in the existing literature to reveal both the identity and the chemical composition of plants which Indians used for medicinal purposes; (2) some aspects of Indian medicine, such as the mode of delivery of herbal drugs, extensive use of plant mixtures, and other practices; (3) selected literature resources on comparison of uses of medicinal plants among different North American Indian tribes and contemporary white men.