Abstract
Current research into poly-gamma-glutamate (PGA) and its biosynthesis is reviewed. In PGA-producing Bacillus subtilis, glutamate racemase supplies abundant DL-glutamate, the substrate for PGA synthesis. The pgsBCA genes of PGA-producing B. subtilis, which encode the membrane-associated PGA synthetase complex PgsBCA, were characterized and the enzyme complex was suggested to be an atypical amide ligase based on its structure and function. A novel reaction mechanism of PGA synthesis is proposed.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Isomerases / chemistry
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Amino Acid Isomerases / genetics
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Amino Acid Isomerases / metabolism
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Bacillus subtilis / enzymology
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Bacillus subtilis / genetics
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Bacillus subtilis / metabolism*
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Cloning, Molecular
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Glutamate Synthase / chemistry
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Glutamate Synthase / genetics*
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Glutamate Synthase / physiology
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Glutamic Acid / biosynthesis
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Isoenzymes / chemistry
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Kinetics
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Multienzyme Complexes / chemistry
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Multienzyme Complexes / genetics
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Multienzyme Complexes / metabolism
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Polyglutamic Acid / biosynthesis*
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Polyglutamic Acid / genetics
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Stereoisomerism
Substances
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Isoenzymes
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Multienzyme Complexes
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Polyglutamic Acid
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Glutamic Acid
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Glutamate Synthase
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Amino Acid Isomerases
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glutamate racemase