It was the purpose of this study to clinically follow-up 78 patients affected with lumbar disc herniation, aged from 60 to 81 years (mean 66 years), hospitalized in several wards at the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Hospital between 1987 and 1996, for surgical treatment. A minimum of 24 months after surgery (maximum 61 months), sciatic pain (present in all of the patients prior to surgery) had regressed in 90% of the patients and was reported to occur only occasionally in 10%. Low back lumbar pain was still present in 21%. Results concerning recovery of motor deficit (30%), deficit in reflexes (31%), and sensory deficit (24%) were good. Better results were obtained when the surgical findings were sequestered hernia and expulsed hernia, with excellent results observed in 70% and 60%, respectively (based on the Smiley-Webster scale), as compared to contained hernia, the results for which were excellent in 54% of patients. Complications were observed in 9 cases (11%); 5 of the cases (6%) after a period of time ranging from 20 to 45 days postsurgery required further surgery because of an error in level in 3 and a residual nerve root compression in 2.