Background: Since the 1980s, there has been an increase in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) world-wide. Mainly due to immigration, the number of new TB cases in the Norwegian child population is also increasing. In March 2000, a selected group of Norwegian paediatricians interested in infectious diseases held a meeting to discuss the clinical management of tuberculosis in children, and develop recommendations.
Material and methods: The recommendations are based on current British, European and American recommendations. Two recent Norwegian recommendations on the management of tuberculosis in the general population were also reviewed.
Results: Epidemiological data from Norway and the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in children are briefly presented, followed by recommendations regarding diagnostic procedures, chemoprophylaxis, treatment of latent tuberculosis and disease. Local health services play a crucial role in the follow-up of children with tuberculosis, and the importance of co-operation between the hospital paediatrician and the primary health care service is emphasised.
Interpretation: Early diagnosis and adequate treatment of tuberculosis is necessary to reduce mortality and morbidity from tuberculosis. Clinical guidelines may aid in management.