Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, remains a significant cause of disability worldwide. After the introduction of treatment regimens using a combination of dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine, the prevalence of the disease declined from 5.4 million registered cases in 1985 to less than a million in 1999. However, the incidence of new cases has remained stable due at least in part to a population of asymptomatic carriers. Immune-mediated nerve damage can occur during treatment or after treatment is completed and mandates continued careful follow-up of patients. Patient education and rehabilitation are crucial aspects of disease management and prevention of disability. In the US, patient care and medications are available through regional clinics sponsored by the Department of Health and Human Services. Patients should contact the National Hansen's Disease Program at 1770 Physician's Park Drive, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70816; 1-800-642-2477.