The authors present liver abscess as the rare complication of a ventriculoperitoneal drainage. Diagnostics includes combination of USG and CT examination. The treatment requires the evacuation of an abscess cavity temporary followed by the externalization of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and antibiotic therapy. This complication is important to think about in the differential diagnostics of acute fever, abdominal pain and general signs of sepsis in a patient with ventriculoperitoneal shunt.