Objectives: Surgical treatment of diverticula of the esophagus is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Few data have been published concerning results of minimally invasive surgery. The aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the results of minimally invasive surgery (either thoracoscopy or laparoscopy) in a first series of patients with diverticula of the thoracic esophagus.
Methods: Eleven consecutive patients with symptomatic thoracic diverticula of the esophagus were operated on between December 1992 and March 1999. Five were operated on by right thoracoscopy, 4 by laparoscopy and 2 by thoracoscopy and laparoscopy. The procedure performed varied according to the location and the macroscopic aspect of the diverticulum, as well as of the associated disorders (gastroesophageal reflux, hiatal hernia and/or motor disorders).
Results: Postoperative mortality was nil. Three patients developed an esophageal fistula; one with an esophago-bronchial fistula required another operation. Postoperative pain was treated with morphine (median duration 4 days) or IV paracetamol (5 days). Long term results were excellent in 1 patient, good in 6, fair in 2 and poor in 2. These 2 latter patients were operated on another time. One of them was operated on 3 years later for aperistalsis of the esophagus and the other one was operated 4.5 years later for paraesophageal hernia; late results of these operations were fair.
Conclusion: These results suggest that minimally invasive surgery does not confer significant benefit compared with open surgery in the treatment of diverticula thoracic esophagus.