The mechanism of pathogenicity of 13 Aeromonas caviae strains isolated from fecal specimens of children with diarrhea was examined. Isolates possessed several virulence agents. Six of 13 isolates produced cholera-like toxin, all strains exhibited adhesive ability and secreted catecholate siderophores. Six isolates were able to grow in heat-inactivated serum. Production of hemolysins was not detected. The isolates had relatively high values of LD50 in a mouse model, which suggests that there is no linkage between pathogenicity to mice and the diarrheagenic ability of the isolates.