Heart failure is a significant health problem that requires a multidisciplinary approach for successful intervention. Five million Americans currently suffer from heart failure, resulting in an annual expenditure estimated at $20-$40 billion. However, with early identification and intervention, the progression of heart failure can be stopped. Change in lifestyle and adherence to a prescribed plan of care recommended for heart failure treatment can lead to improved quality of life. The Transtheoretical Model provides a framework for facilitating the behavioral changes necessary for the optimal treatment of heart failure. Future research is suggested to evaluate outcomes of behavioral changes in heart failure populations upon implementation of this model. (c)2001 by CHF, Inc.