Background: The transplantation of autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) after high-dose chemotherapy is a valuable therapy for patients with hematologic and solid malignancies. Several methods are used for harvesting PBPCs. The efficiency of intermittent- and continuous-flow blood cell separators in collecting progenitor cells from the blood of patients undergoing myeloablative treatment for cancer was compared.
Study design and methods: PBPC components (n = 133) were obtained from 72 patients by leukapheresis with continuous-flow machines (Spectra, COBE; CS 3000 Plus, Baxter) and with an intermittent-flow machine (MCS 3P, Haemonetics). The data were analyzed retrospectively. Blood samples obtained from the patients before leukapheresis and samples of the leukapheresis components themselves were analyzed for their content of RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and CD34+ cells.
Results: The Spectra processed more than twice the blood volume in the shortest time (15 L in 178 min), whereas the Baxter CS 3000 Plus (10 L in 185 min) and the MCS 3P (4.8 L in 239 min) processed significantly smaller volumes in a longer time. The mean ACD consumption was 403 mL with the MCS 3P, 900 mL with the CS 3000 Plus, and 1000 mL with the Spectra. The product volumes were 50 mL (CS 3000 Plus), 69 mL (MCS 3P), and 166 mL (Spectra). In all groups, differences in the preapheresis hemograms were not significant, but the Spectra group had fewer CD34+ cells than the other groups. Despite this, the differences in the number of CD34+ cells in the leukapheresis components of all groups were without statistical significance. In the Spectra group, the collection of MNCs of 104 percent and CD34+ cells of 154 percent was significantly more efficient than that in the MCS 3P group (42.2% and 56%, respectively) or the CS 3000 Plus group (50.8% and 47.15%) as related to the patients' blood volume.
Conclusion: PBPC collection can be performed successfully with continuous-flow and intermittent-flow blood cell separators. The Spectra had the best recovery of CD34+ cells within the shortest time. Leukapheresis with the MCS 3P is indicated if only a single venous access is available.