Copper-nuclease efficiency correlates with cytotoxicity for the 4-methoxypyrrolic natural products

J Inorg Biochem. 2001 Dec 1;87(3):129-35. doi: 10.1016/s0162-0134(01)00338-5.

Abstract

The DNA-targeting activities of the 4-methoxypyrrolic natural products, that include prodigiosin (1), tambjamine E (2), and the blue pigment (3), have been compared using fluorescence spectroscopy to study DNA binding and agarose gel electrophoresis to assess their ability to facilitate oxidative copper-promoted DNA cleavage. Fluorescence emission titration of 3 with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) shows that the natural product occupies a site size (n) of ca. two base pairs and possesses an affinity constant (K) of approximately 6x10(5) x M(-1). Similar to prodigiosin (1), the blue pigment 3 was found to facilitate oxidative double-strand DNA (dsDNA) cleavage without the aid of an external reducing agent. Quantitation of ds- (n2) and ss- (n1) breaks provided n1:n2 ratios of approximately 8-12, which were significantly greater than the number expected from the accumulation of ss-breaks (approximately 120). This was contrasted by the nicking activity of tambjamine E (2), which only generates ss-breaks in the presence of copper. The superior copper-nuclease activity of 1 and 3 also correlated with their superior anticancer properties against leukemia (HL-60) cells. These results are discussed with respect to the mode of cytotoxicity by the 4-methoxypyrrolic natural products.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis
  • Biological Products / chemistry
  • Biological Products / toxicity*
  • Copper / metabolism*
  • DNA / chemistry
  • DNA / metabolism
  • DNA Damage
  • Deoxyribonucleases / metabolism*
  • HL-60 Cells
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Prodigiosin / toxicity
  • Pyrroles / chemistry
  • Pyrroles / toxicity*
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Substances

  • Biological Products
  • Pyrroles
  • Copper
  • DNA
  • Deoxyribonucleases
  • Prodigiosin