Rice gelatinization temperature is an important character contributing to cooking quality. Here the inheritance of gelatinization temperature (GT), which was represented by alkali spreading value (ASV), was reported. Two parents, Balilla (japonica variety) and Nantehao (indica variety), which were significantly different on GT-ASV, were selected to construct a backcross population Balilla/Nantehao//Balilla containing 142 individuals. And ASV was investigated in the population, a continuous distribution with two obvious peaks was observed. It indicated that GT-ASV was controlled by one major gene, also modified by some minor genes. In order to map the major and minor genes and estimate the effects of genes. A total of 119 SSR markers were employed to construct a linkage map; further a genome-wide detection was carried out by interval mapping method. The results showed that 6 QTLs were detected, of which, qASV6-1 located on chromosome 6 was a major gene with 87.6% variance explained, and alleles from parent Nantehao could decrease the value. It shoud be the same locus as the alkali degeneration gene (alk). The other QTLs (qASV2, qASV3, qASV6-2, qASV9, and qASV11) all belong to minor genes, which were located on chromosome 2,3,6,9 and 11, respectively. In two parents, they carried the positive and negative alleles simultaneously. These results will be helpful for rice quality breeding and improvement.