Purpose: To analyze the extension of medial and lateral meniscal cysts relative to the capuloligamentous planes of the knee.
Materials and methods: The MR images of 32 patients with meniscal cysts were reviewed. The location and extension of the meniscal cysts with reference to the capsule and ligaments were recorded.
Results: Most medial meniscal cysts were located posteromedially. Posteromedial meniscal cysts usually penetrated the capsule and were located between layer I and the fused layers II+III. From this site some extended anteriorly and then became located superficial to the superficial MCL. The location of lateral meniscal cysts was more varied. Anteriorly the cysts were located deep to the iliotibial band, whereas posterolateral cysts were located deep to the lateral collateral ligament.
Conclusion: Although the site of capsular penetration of meniscal cysts is determined by the location of meniscal tears, the possible pathways of extension appear to be determined by the capsuloligamentous planes of the knee.