The progressive increase in the number of people traveling to tropical countries has led to imported diseases becoming of increasingly greater importance. Cutaneous myasis (or fly larva infestations) are found among this type of diseases particularly frequent in tropical countries. Based on the observation of a case of massive cutaneous myasis by Cordylobia antropophaga of a 34 year old woman upon her return from a trip to Senegal, a review has been made of the major cases of furunculoid cutaneous myasis published in Spain, as well as of the biology, pathology, treatment and prevention of human myasis by Cordylobia anthropophaga. The aforesaid case was characterized by the infestation of an unusually large number of larvae, the etiology of which was not suspected until the final stage of the disease. Although the cases of cutaneous myasis are not as serious as other imported diseases, a knowledge of this disease is necessary from the preventive, diagnostic and curative standpoint. It is important to proceed to the identification of the larvae by distinguishing them from another type of myasis involving different therapeutic implications.