With advances in modern MR imaging, direct MR visualization of many peripheral nerves is now possible. MR nerve imaging can detect and delineate the extent of neural tumors, demonstrate nerve continuity in cases of traumatic injury, and demonstrate abnormal enlargement and abnormal signal in diseased peripheral nerves. This ability to image peripheral nerves has the potential to dramatically change the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral nerve disease. This article describes the techniques for peripheral nerve imaging and provides a brief overview of a broad spectrum of peripheral nerve abnormalities.