Acute administration of nicotine impairs the hypotensive responses to bradykinin in rats

Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Feb 16;413(2-3):241-6. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00744-0.

Abstract

Nicotine may contribute to smoking-induced endothelial dysfunction because of its ability to impair endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. We investigated whether the acute administration of nicotine changes the hypotensive responses to bradykinin in rats. The effects of pre-treatment with losartan or enalapril on the nicotine-induced changes in the responses to bradykinin were also evaluated. In study 1, anesthetized rats were cannulated via carotid artery for the measurement of mean arterial pressure. Dose-response curves to bradykinin (0.1, 0.4, 1.6, 6.4, 25 and 100 microg/kg) were generated before and 10 min after the injection of nicotine (200 microg/kg, i.v.) or saline. The individual dose-response curves were fitted to a four-parameter logistic equation using the ALLFIT program, which provided an estimate of the maximal response (E(max)) and of the dose of bradykinin producing the half-maximal response (ED(50)). In study 2, rats were pre-treated orally with losartan (10 mg/kg/day) or enalapril maleate (25 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. Control rats received tap water alone. After pre-treatment, the rats were anesthetized and used as described in study 1. Nicotine decreased the E(max) (from 73.0+/-7.5 to 65.7+/-3.3 mm Hg; P<0.05) but did not affect the ED(50). In study 2, losartan or enalapril did not affect nicotine-induced decrease in responses to bradykinin; E(max) decreased in both groups (from 68.7+/-6.3 to 62.8+/-4.2 mm Hg, and from 53.8+/-13.0 to 43.1+/-7.1 mm Hg, respectively; P<0.05) without significantly changing the ED(50). These results suggest that nicotine impairs the endothelium-dependent hypotensive responses to bradykinin. This effect is not influenced by inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme or by blockade of the angiotensin AT(1) receptors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects*
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Bradykinin
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Enalapril / pharmacology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / drug effects*
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiology
  • Ganglionic Stimulants / pharmacology*
  • Hypotension / chemically induced
  • Hypotension / physiopathology*
  • Losartan / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Nicotine / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2

Substances

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Ganglionic Stimulants
  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2
  • Enalapril
  • Nicotine
  • Losartan
  • Bradykinin