During the 18th century science and medicine are poorly developed in Luxembourg (present part of the former duchy). Leprosy is vanishing and black death belongs to the past, whereas dysentery, typhoid fever and other epidemical diseases are thriving. In some specific diseases people claim help from protective saints such as St. Hubert (rabies) and St. Willibrord or the Blessed Virgin Mary. Besides these aspects the paper gives a concise outline of the situation in Luxembourg during the 18th century concerning hospitals, physicians, pharmacists and popular medicine.