Although gastrointestinal submucous tumours are increasingly being discovered with the development of endoscopic examination techniques, the reliable diagnosis of these lesions remains difficult at present. Before endoscopy became available, the treatment strategy for gastrointestinal submucous tumours was either surgery or observation. With the rapid evolution of therapeutic endoscopy, the endoscopic removal of various tumours in the gastrointestinal tract has been described, but the resection of submucous tumours is still reported only infrequently. Endoscopic removal of submucous tumours of the gastrointestinal tract has yet to become widespread, and this technique has not been fully evaluated. Not all patients need the treatment; however, endoscopic submucous tumour removal may be the treatment of choice for certain patient subgroups. This article reviews recent literature regarding the endoscopic removal of gastrointestinal submucous tumours and discusses the possibility of removing submucous tumours using endoscopic resection.