Self-organization on Au(1,1,1) vicinal surfaces provides a unique opportunity to study the interplay between atomic and mesoscopic order. First, experimental results demonstrate the different interactions between steps and surface reconstruction on Au(1,1,1) vicinal surfaces. Depending on the step atomic structure, lines of discommensurations are found to be either parallel or perpendicular to the step edges. This leads to a complete understanding of the mesoscopic self-organization on theses surfaces, which drastically depends on the step structure. This points out the crucial role played by the edge energy cost which can monitor the faceting periodicity in a wide range of values.