Degradation of mono-chlorophenols by a mixed microbial community via a meta- cleavage pathway

Biodegradation. 1999;10(5):353-62. doi: 10.1023/a:1008323811433.

Abstract

A mixed microbial community, specially designed to degrade a wide range of substituted aromatic compounds, was examined for its ability to degrade mono-chlorophenols as sole carbon source in aerobic batch cultures. The mixed culture degraded 2-, 3-, and 4-chlorophenol (1.56 mM) via a meta- cleavage pathway. During the degradation of 2- and 3-chlorophenol by the mixed culture, 3-chlorocatechol production was observed. Further metabolism was toxic to cells as it led to inactivation of the catechol 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme upon meta- cleavage of 3-chlorocatechol resulting in incomplete degradation. Inactivation of the meta- cleavage enzyme led to an accumulation of brown coloured polymers, which interfered with the measurement of cell growth using optical density. Degradation of 4-chlorophenol by the mixed culture led to an accumulation of 5-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde, the meta- cleavage product of 4-chlorocatechol. The accumulation of this compound did not interfere with the measurement of cell growth using optical density. 5-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde was further metabolized by the mixed culture with a stoichiometric release of chloride, indicating complete degradation of 4-chlorophenol by the mixed culture via a meta- cleavage pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actinomycetales / growth & development
  • Actinomycetales / metabolism*
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Catechols / metabolism
  • Chlorophenols / metabolism*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Pseudomonas / growth & development
  • Pseudomonas / metabolism*
  • Trichoderma / growth & development
  • Trichoderma / metabolism*

Substances

  • Catechols
  • Chlorophenols
  • 3-chlorocatechol
  • 4-chlorocatechol
  • 2-chlorophenol
  • 3-chlorophenol