The results in 578 patients who underwent a saphenous vein bypass graft operation (isolated SVBG) or a SVBG combined with other procedures (combined SVBG) from 1969 through 1972 were analyzed. The operative mortality rate was low (3 percent) for isolated SVBG but increased considerably for combined SVBG. The late mortality rate was also low (4 percent) for isolated SVBG and also increased markedly for combined SVBG. The operative mortality rate did not change in the group undergoing left ventricular aneurysmectomy or mitral valve surgery for postinfarction mitral insufficiency, whether or not SVBG was used; however, late results were better in both groups when SVBG was performed. Among all groups, patients with postinfarction mitral insufficiency or rheumatic mitral incompetence associated with coronary artery disease had the poorest outcome. Despite the operative and late deaths, patients undergoing SVBG with aortic valve replacement showed excellent results in the group of survivors.