Results of surgical treatment of 70 patients with carcinoma of the thoracic part of the oesophagus were analyzed. The extended two-levels (intraabdominal and intrathoracic) lymphodissection is the necessary part of the operation. Postoperative lethality was 2.9%, one year and 2 years survival was 85.8 and 69% correspondingly. The data obtained show that it is expedient to introduce the extended two-levels lymphodissection into clinical practice.