Lysozyme is well known for the ability to hydrolyze the cell wall of bacteria. Based on the similarity of structure between lysozyme and histones as seen from the results of X-ray crystal structure determinations, we have postulated that binding to nucleic acids may be another biological function of lysozyme. We have therefore begun a systematic study of the interactions of lysozyme and related molecules with nucleic acids, and present here a preliminary report. Binding to DNA and RNA has been demonstrated from gel electrophoresis, enzyme activity, and coprecipitation studies. We suggest that this function of lysozyme will provide an explanation why Lee-Huang et al. (1999) [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 2678-2681] were able to call lysozyme a "killer protein" against the AIDS virus, and may provide a new avenue of research on AIDS therapy.
Copyright 1999 Academic Press.