The present-day ecological crisis progressively deteriorates the population's health and demographic indices. Since 1990 primary morbidity has shown a 50.2% increase in the town of Samara. There has been a rise in the incidence of diseases, primarily those of the blood, digestive, respiratory, and other systems. A correlation analysis revealed that there was an association of morbidity with the environmental content of specific industrial chemical pollutants. The incidence of respiratory diseases is related to the concentrations of CO, NO2 and SO2 in the ambient air.