Thalassaemia patients receiving repeated blood transfusions are vulnerable to transfusion related infections. HIV infection is the most life threatening of them all. Blood being the most efficient mode of transmission of HIV, increases the risk of infection even further. Although the National AIDS Control programme has laid down stringent rules regarding blood safety, it remained to be seen whether they were being followed meticulously especially in rural areas. The present study was conducted to identify the HIV status of multi-transfused thalassaemia patients attending hospital blood banks of rural Bengal. Only 3 (0.9%) of the 330 thalassaemia patients examined were found to be HIV positive. Although the situation has not reached alarming proportions, yet appropriate control measures must be adopted on a mass scale to prevent further spread of the world wide pandemic.