Laparoscopy is increasingly being used as a diagnostic technique to characterize intraperitoneal processes. This technique can be highly informative when applied in settings such as the intensive care unit, the emergency room, the trauma bay, and the office. Diagnostic laparoscopy is an excellent method to evaluate intraperitoneal processes and should be part of the general surgeon's armamentarium of skills. In this paper, the technique of diagnostic laparoscopy and its role outside of the operating room setting is reviewed. Diagnostic laparoscopy is also compared with other diagnostic modalities.