The illness experience is a relevant issue in current research and academic discussions. A growing number of research initiatives have undertaken to account for the subject's perspective and subjectivity in the health field. This paper discusses our research team's approach and results in studying the experience of people living with chronic illness. Our perspective is based upon the production in this relatively new field as well as health-related discussions in Latin America. The illness experience calls for an understanding of it as a subjective and existential phenomenon, entailing the phenomenological arena, immersed in the process where ill people "produce" and "reproduce" themselves. The unfolding and course of the illness as well as treatment management are some salient dimensions we evoke. Some lines of future work are presented in order to create a research agenda, highlighting its implications for existing proposals pertaining to health reform in our Latin American countries.