Abstract
Vina-ginsenoside R7 (R7) has been exhibited to engage in multiple pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, no photoaging-related studies have been performed on R7. Research is being conducted with the aim of assessing whether treatment with R7 has a protective effect on UVB-induced photoaging skin. Our results show that UVB exposure directly reduces matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion through R7 by restraining the AP-1/MAPK pathway and blocks extracellular matrix (ECM) expression degradation. In addition, R7 improves the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and type I procollagen also facilitates the synthesis of collagen by the TGF-β/Smad signal transduction pathway. Finally, R7 valid blocks nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and enhances antioxidative stress capacity through activated nuclear factor (erythroid derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). In particular, the application of R7 restrains pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS), which trigger ECM, degrade enzyme production, and suppress vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. In conclusion, R7 may constitute a promising cosmetic ingredient that can protect against skin photodamage resulting from detrimental UVB irradiation.
Keywords:
Inflammation; NF-κB; Photoaging; UVB; Vina-ginsenoside R7.
MeSH terms
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Cell Line
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Cell Survival / drug effects
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Cell Survival / radiation effects
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Collagen Type I / metabolism
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Enzyme Activation / drug effects
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Enzyme Activation / radiation effects
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Fibroblasts / cytology
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Fibroblasts / drug effects*
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Fibroblasts / metabolism
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Fibroblasts / radiation effects*
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / radiation effects
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Ginsenosides / pharmacology*
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Humans
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Interleukin-6 / metabolism
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Intracellular Space / drug effects
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Intracellular Space / metabolism
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Intracellular Space / radiation effects
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Luminescent Proteins / pharmacology*
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / genetics
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / metabolism
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / genetics
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / metabolism
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
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NF-kappa B / metabolism
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Proteolysis / drug effects
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Proteolysis / radiation effects
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RNA, Messenger / genetics
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Signal Transduction / drug effects
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Signal Transduction / radiation effects
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Skin / cytology*
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Skin / drug effects
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Skin / radiation effects
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Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / metabolism
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Ultraviolet Rays / adverse effects*
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / biosynthesis
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Collagen Type I
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Ginsenosides
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Interleukin-6
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Luminescent Proteins
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NF-kappa B
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RNA, Messenger
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Transforming Growth Factor beta1
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 3
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 1