The volatile flavor components of Mobola plum (Parinari curatellifolia), a native fruit of Southern Africa, have been isolated by a vacuum headspace concentration method. The concentrate was analyzed by hyphenated gas chromatographic techniques, including gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry (MS) and GC/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), together with other GC-coupled detection devices for the specific and selective detection of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds. A total of 88 components were identified. Of these compounds, 12 contain nitrogen, including 2-aminobenzaldehyde and phenylacetaldoxime, which are detected for the first time in an edible fruit. In addition, two unusual nitrated compounds have been identified, including optically active (2-nitrobutyl)benzene, which is a new natural product. Quantitative and sensory data of the new compounds are provided.