Higher plants are different from animals in many aspects, but the important difference may be that plants are more easily influenced by environment. Plants have a series of fine mechanisms for responding to environmental changes, which has been established during their long-period evolution and artificial domestication. The relationship between higher plants and environment is influenced mutually. The component in environment provides higher plants with nutrients for shaping themselves and higher plants simultaneously bring photosynthetic products and metabolites to surroundings, which is the most important part of natural circle. Photosynthetic products are realized mainly by physiological mechanisms, and microbiological aspects in environment (for instance, soil environment) impact the above processes greatly. The complete understanding of the relationship will extremely promote the sustainable utilization of plant resources and make the best use of its current potential under different scales.