The enormous volume expansion during cycling and poor electron conductivity of SnS2 limit its cycling stability and high rate capability. Herein, flower-like SnS2 anchored on 3D carbon nanofiber structures were designed and synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. Pyrolyzed bacterial cellulose as 3D carbon nanofibers can not only offer a continuous pathway of Li+ and electrons, but can also migrate the serious volume change of SnS2 during charging and discharging. The obtained composite shows a specific capacity of 408.8 mA h g-1 even after 1500 cycles at 10 A g-1, and almost no specific capacity decay after 20 cycles with a retention of 97.5%.