This study explored the effect of glutathione assisted continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on peripheral blood receptors in sepsis patients with acute kidney injury. A total of 196 sepsis patients with acute kidney injury were recruited to perform a retrospective cohort study, 98 patients treated with glutathione combined with CRRT were included as the combination group, and then 98 patients treated with CRRT alone were included as the control group during the same period. The outcome was changes in the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), peripheral blood receptors, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) before and after treatment. After treatment, the levels of BUN and Scr in both groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the levels in the combination group were lower than those in the control group. After treatment, toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR2 levels in both groups of patients were lower than those before treatment, and the levels in the combination group were lower than those in the control group. After treatment, the APACHE II and SOFA scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the scores in the combination group were lower than those in the control group. Glutathione-assisted CRRT can improve the renal function of patients and reduce the immune inflammatory response of sepsis patients with acute kidney injury, which can be widely promoted in the clinic.