Application of the Wiener adaptive filtering method for estimation of interferometric signal parameters is presented and analyzed. It is shown that the fringe phase, as well as the envelope of low-coherence interference fringes, can be evaluated directly from the adaptive filter impulse response obtained under the criterion of the minimum error variance of a processed fringe signal and predefined reference signal. The method does not limit the number and value of the phase shifts and allows determination of the actual phase step. The accuracy of the method is evaluated and experimental results of dynamical fringe processing in low-coherence interferometry are presented.