Single ZnO Nanowire-Based Gas Sensors to Detect Low Concentrations of Hydrogen

Sensors (Basel). 2015 Dec 4;15(12):30539-44. doi: 10.3390/s151229816.

Abstract

Low concentrations of hazardous gases are difficult to detect with common gas sensors. Using semiconductor nanostructures as a sensor element is an alternative. Single ZnO nanowire gas sensor devices were fabricated by manipulation and connection of a single nanowire into a four-electrode aluminum probe in situ in a dual-beam scanning electron microscope-focused ion beam with a manipulator and a gas injection system in/column. The electrical response of the manufactured devices shows response times up to 29 s for a 121 ppm of H₂ pulse, with a variation in the nanowire resistance appreciable at room temperature and at 373.15 K of approximately 8% and 14% respectively, showing that ZnO nanowires are good candidates to detect low concentrations of H₂.

Keywords: SEM-FIB; devices; hydrogen; nano-fabrication; nanowire; sensors.