The integrated electrocoagulation-assisted adsorption (ECA) system with a solar photovoltaic power supply has gained more attention as an effective approach for reduction chemical oxygen demand (COD) from pharmaceutical wastewater (PhWW). In this research, the ECA system was used for the treatment of PhWW. Several operating parameters were investigated, including electrode number, configuration, distance, operating time, current density, adsorption time, and temperature. A current density of 6.656 mA/cm2, six electrodes, a 20-min time, a 4 cm distance, an MP-P configuration, and a 45 °C temperature produced the maximum COD reductions, where the operating cost of conventional energy was 0.273 $/m3. The EC, adsorption, and combination of EC and adsorption processes achieved efficient COD reductions of 85.4, 69.1, and 95.5%, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm fit the data of the endothermic adsorption process. Therefore, it was found that the combination processes were superior to the use of these processes in isolation to remove COD.
Keywords: Adsorption Isotherms; Combined Treatment Processes; Electrocoagulation; Kinetic Models; Pharmaceutical Wastewater; Solar-Powered Treatment Processes.
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.